Spatial index

GeoPandas will use the STRtree implementation provided by the default spatial engine (shapely.STRtree for Shapely > 2.0, pygeos.STRtree for Shapely < 2.0 if PyGEOS is installed) if compatible, or rtree.index.Index for Shapely < 2.0 when PyGEOS is unavailable.

GeoSeries.sindex creates a spatial index, which can use the methods and properties documented below.

Constructor

GeoSeries.sindex

Generate the spatial index

Spatial index object

The spatial index object returned from GeoSeries.sindex has the following methods:

intersection(coordinates, *args, **kwargs)	Compatibility wrapper for rtree.index.Index.intersection, use query instead.
is_empty	Check if the spatial index is empty
nearest(*args, **kwargs)	Return the nearest geometry in the tree for each input geometry in geometry.
query(geometry[, predicate, sort])	Return the integer indices of all combinations of each input geometry and tree geometries where the bounding box of each input geometry intersects the bounding box of a tree geometry.
size	Size of the spatial index
valid_query_predicates	Returns valid predicates for this spatial index.

The concrete implementations currently available are geopandas.sindex.PyGEOSSTRTreeIndex (when using Shapely 2.0 or PyGEOS) and geopandas.sindex.RTreeIndex (when using Shapely <2).

In addition to the methods listed above, the rtree-based spatial index (geopandas.sindex.RTreeIndex) offers the full capability of rtree.index.Index - see the full API in the rtree documentation.

Similarly, the PyGEOS-based spatial index (geopandas.sindex.PyGEOSSTRTreeIndex) offers the full capability of pygeos.STRtree/shapely.STRtree, including nearest-neighbor queries. See the full API in the Shapely STRTree documentation or PyGEOS STRTree documentation.